periodicity theorem - significado y definición. Qué es periodicity theorem
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Qué (quién) es periodicity theorem - definición

THEOREM ON HOMOTOPY GROUPS
Bott periodicity; Bott element; Bott's periodicity theorem

Bott periodicity theorem         
In mathematics, the Bott periodicity theorem describes a periodicity in the homotopy groups of classical groups, discovered by , which proved to be of foundational significance for much further research, in particular in K-theory of stable complex vector bundles, as well as the stable homotopy groups of spheres. Bott periodicity can be formulated in numerous ways, with the periodicity in question always appearing as a period-2 phenomenon, with respect to dimension, for the theory associated to the unitary group.
Divergence theorem         
  • n}}
  • A volume divided into two subvolumes. At right the two subvolumes are separated to show the flux out of the different surfaces.
  • The volume can be divided into any number of subvolumes and the flux out of ''V'' is equal to the sum of the flux out of each subvolume, because the flux through the <span style="color:green;">green</span> surfaces cancels out in the sum. In (b) the volumes are shown separated slightly, illustrating that each green partition is part of the boundary of two adjacent volumes
  • </math> approaches <math>\operatorname{div} \mathbf{F}</math>
  • The divergence theorem can be used to calculate a flux through a [[closed surface]] that fully encloses a volume, like any of the surfaces on the left. It can ''not'' directly be used to calculate the flux through surfaces with boundaries, like those on the right. (Surfaces are blue, boundaries are red.)
  • The vector field corresponding to the example shown. Vectors may point into or out of the sphere.
GENERALIZATION OF THE FUNDAMENTAL THEOREM IN VECTOR CALCULUS
Gauss' theorem; Gauss's theorem; Gauss theorem; Ostrogradsky-Gauss theorem; Ostrogradsky's theorem; Gauss's Theorem; Divergence Theorem; Gauss' divergence theorem; Ostrogradsky theorem; Gauss-Ostrogradsky theorem; Gauss Ostrogradsky theorem; Gauss–Ostrogradsky theorem
In vector calculus, the divergence theorem, also known as Gauss's theorem or Ostrogradsky's theorem, reprinted in is a theorem which relates the flux of a vector field through a closed surface to the divergence of the field in the volume enclosed.
Periodicity         
WIKIMEDIA DISAMBIGUATION PAGE
Periodic; Periodicity (disambiguation); Periodic (disambiguation); Periodicities
·noun The quality or state of being periodical, or regularly recurrent; as, the periodicity in the vital phenomena of plants.

Wikipedia

Bott periodicity theorem

In mathematics, the Bott periodicity theorem describes a periodicity in the homotopy groups of classical groups, discovered by Raoul Bott (1957, 1959), which proved to be of foundational significance for much further research, in particular in K-theory of stable complex vector bundles, as well as the stable homotopy groups of spheres. Bott periodicity can be formulated in numerous ways, with the periodicity in question always appearing as a period-2 phenomenon, with respect to dimension, for the theory associated to the unitary group. See for example topological K-theory.

There are corresponding period-8 phenomena for the matching theories, (real) KO-theory and (quaternionic) KSp-theory, associated to the real orthogonal group and the quaternionic symplectic group, respectively. The J-homomorphism is a homomorphism from the homotopy groups of orthogonal groups to stable homotopy groups of spheres, which causes the period 8 Bott periodicity to be visible in the stable homotopy groups of spheres.